Rodgers, Carole. Beaded Jewelry with Found
Objects: Incorporate Anything from Buttons to Shells. Iola, WI: Krause
Publications, 2004.
According to Carole Rodgers, a large number of
traditional and folk customs are associated with the Dragon Boat Festival (also
known as the Duanwu Festival), which falls on the 5th of the lunar
month. People living in different parts of China love using the personal
fragrance pouch on this special occasion.
Wang, Guannan, Hua Tang,
Dazhou Chen, Jie Feng, and Lei Li. "Determination of Five Synthetic Musks
in Perfume by Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-mass
Spectrometry." Chinese Journal of Chromatography 30, no.
2 (2013): 135-40. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1123.2011.10018.
Guannan Wang and the team are of the view that the
perfume pouch (also called hebao, Xiangbao, Xiangdai or Xiangnang) is one of
the most famous and best-selling fashion products in the history of China.
Previously, it used to come in the form of insects, but now different styles
and sizes of the pouch have been introduced to the public.
"Perfume." Van Nostrands Encyclopedia
of Chemistry, 2005. doi:10.1002/0471740039.vec1899.
In this source, it has been mentioned that a piece of
fine cloth, traditional and pleasant Chinese smell, and some colorful strings
are combined to form the Chinese perfume pouch.
Zhao, Sihan, Zhengmeng Wang, Hongxia Deng, JiahuiDuan,
Jinyi Wang, and Shuhui Liu. "Determination of Total Phthalates in Perfume
and Their Exposure Assessment." Chinese Journal of Chromatography 35,
no. 12 (2017): 1301. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1123.2017.08026.
According to Sihan Zhao and the team, it was during the
Qing Dynasty when perfume pouches became an integral part of people’s lives.
They came into being when perfumes containing herbs and medicinal smell became
common.
Zhao, Sihan, Zhengmeng Wang, Hongxia Deng, JiahuiDuan,
Jinyi Wang, and Shuhui Liu. "Determination of Total Phthalates in Perfume
and Their Exposure Assessment." Chinese Journal of Chromatography 35,
no. 12 (2017): 1301. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1123.2017.08026.
According to Sihan Zhao and the team, it was during the
Qing Dynasty when perfume pouches became an integral part of people’s lives.
They came into being when perfumes containing herbs and medicinal smell became
common.
"Chinese Herb Names." A Materia Medica
for Chinese Medicine, 2009, 1005-007.
doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-10094-9.00029-7.
In this source, it has been mentioned that Chinese
sellers proudly sell their perfume pouches and other products in the global
markets, and it looks like without these items, the world of fashion is
incomplete.
Milinski, Manfred. "Perfumes." Evolutionary
Aesthetics, 2003, 325-39. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-07142-7_12.
According to Manfred Milinski, with the success of
e-commerce in China, it has now become easy to get access to sellers who sell
perfume pouches on reasonable prices. Similarly, high-resolution content of
perfumes is the basic requirement of buyers living in different parts of the
world.
Lindqvist, Anna. "Preference and Gender Associations
of Perfumes Applied on Human Skin." Journal of Sensory Studies 27,
no. 6 (2012): 490-97. doi:10.1111/joss.12014.
Anna
Lindqvist is of the view that the perfume market is still under exploitation,
and the only way to deal with this problem is to introduce hundreds to
thousands of perfume pouches to the global markets. Knowing that there are over
400 million netizens in China, it makes sense to use specific means of
communication that let Chinese fashion brands target potential customers.
Ohloff, Günther. "The Fragrance of
Ambergris." Fragrance Chemistry, 1982, 535-73.
doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-685850-1.50020-6.
According to Gunther Ohloff, the perfume industry has
seen various revolutions since the advent of Xiang Nang. Ambergris, a flammable
substance, is used to manufacture the fragrance of ambergris. In China, this
fragrance is proudly carried in a personal fragrance pouch. Freshly produced
ambergris comes in a marine odor, which was loved and bought in a large number
by ancient Chinese.
Demole, Edward P. "The Fragrance of
Jasmine." Fragrance Chemistry, 1982, 349-96.
doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-685850-1.50015-2.
The sweet scent of jasmine urged people belonging to the
fashion industry to make it a fragrance. For centuries, bottles of this perfume
are being sold all over the world, and in China, it comes in interactive
personal pouches, which have their unique styles, sizes, and colors.
Rowe, David. "Overview of Flavor and Fragrance
Materials." Practical Analysis of Flavor and Fragrance Materials,
2011, 1-22. doi:10.1002/9781444343137.ch1.
According to David Rowe, the beauty industry has seen
various new perfume carriers in recent years, but nothing could gain as much
success and prominence as Xiang Nang has gotten. A smart design and traditional
Chinese style are two key characteristics of Xiang Nang that help this personal
fragrance pouch stand out from the crowd.
Lindqvist, Anna. "The
Gender Associations of Perfumes." Annual International Conference
on Cognitive and Behavioral Psychology, 2012.
doi:10.5176/2251-1865_cbp70.
Anna Lindqvist is of the
view that modern perfumes come with blends of aroma, and people worldwide do
not like buying them without personal pouches. It’s true that some of the
pouches have lost their original shape and look, but they are still used by
both Chinese and international people, thanks to their light weights and
interactive designs and colors.
"You Fancy
Yourself." You Fancy Yourself, 2009.
doi:10.5040/9781770917316.00000009.
Some people in the past
used to carry Xiang Nang to enhance their beauty and look, and the others
considered it a must part of the Chinese tradition. In one way or the other,
ancient Chinese made the excessive use of personal pouches to fancy themselves.
Today, these are being sold both on the internet and physically located stores.
Poucher, W. A. "The Production of Natural
Perfumes." Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps, 1993, 16-40.
doi:10.1007/978-94-011-1484-4_2.
W.A. Poucher is of the view that natural perfumes are now
produced in large quantities. The way they are packed and carried is quite
unique; people who carry a personal pouch get more appreciations than those who
keep their perfumes in ordinary handbags. Thus, it can be said that Xiang Nang
has become a must part of the people’s lives, the ones who are fashion oriented
and want to leave a good impression on everyone around them.
"Pouches and Purses: Ante-1100." Encyclopedia
of Medieval Dress and Textiles. doi:10.1163/2213-2139_emdt_com_523.
In this article, it is clearly mentioned that adornment
is an ornament or accessory worn to enhance the personality and beauty of the
wearer. Among those so many ornaments that are bought the world over and are a
prior choice of fashionable people, Xiang Nang is the most prominent and best
option.
